ERK dráha ERK signálna transdukčná dráha ERK1 a ERK2 dráha ERK1-2 dráha JNK dráha JNK signálna dráha MAP kinázová kaskáda MAP kinázový modul MAP kinázové moduly MAP kinázová signálna kaskáda MAP kinázové signálne kaskády MAP kinázová signálna dráha MAP kinázové signálne dráhy MEK-ERK dráha kaskáda MAP-kinázy p38 kinázová dráha p38 kinázová signálna dráha MAP kinázové signálne cesty
An intracellular signaling system involving the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades (three-membered protein kinase cascades). Various upstream activators, which act in response to extracellular stimuli, trigger the cascades by activating the first member of a cascade, MAP KINASE KINASE KINASES; (MAPKKKs). Activated MAPKKKs phosphorylate MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASES which in turn phosphorylate the MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASES; (MAPKs). The MAPKs then act on various downstream targets to affect gene expression. In mammals, there are several distinct MAP kinase pathways including the ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) pathway, the SAPK/JNK (stress-activated protein kinase/c-jun kinase) pathway, and the p38 kinase pathway. There is some sharing of components among the pathways depending on which stimulus originates activation of the cascade.
